Source code for efel.api

"""eFEL Python API functions.

This module provides the user-facing Python API of the eFEL.
The convenience functions defined here call the underlying 'cppcore' library
to hide the lower level API from the user.
All functions in this module can be called as efel.functionname, it is
not necessary to include 'api' as in efel.api.functionname.


Copyright (c) 2015, EPFL/Blue Brain Project

 This file is part of eFEL <https://github.com/BlueBrain/eFEL>

 This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3.0 as published
 by the Free Software Foundation.

 This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
 FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
 details.

 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
 along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
"""

# pylint: disable=W0602,W0603,W0702, F0401, W0612, R0912

import os
import numpy

import efel
import efel.cppcore as cppcore

"""
Disabling cppcore importerror override, it confuses users in case the error
is caused by something else
try:
except ImportError:
    six.reraise(ImportError, ImportError(
        '\n'
        'It looks like the efel.cppcore package could not be found.\n'
        'Could it be that you are running the \'import efel\' in a directory '
        'that has a subdirectory called \'efel\' '
        '(like e.g. the eFEL source directory) ?\n'
        'If this is the case, please try to import from another directory.\n'
        'If the issue persists, please create a ticket at '
        'github.com/BlueBrain/eFEL/issues.\n'), sys.exc_info()[2])
"""

_settings = efel.Settings()
_int_settings = {}
_double_settings = {}


[docs]def reset(): """Resets the efel to its initial state The user can set certain values in the efel, like the spike threshold. These values are persisten. This function will reset these value to their original state. """ global _settings, _int_settings, _double_settings _settings = efel.Settings() _int_settings = {} _double_settings = {} setDoubleSetting('spike_skipf', 0.1) setIntSetting('max_spike_skip', 2) setDoubleSetting('Threshold', _settings.threshold) setDoubleSetting('DerivativeThreshold', _settings.derivative_threshold) setDoubleSetting('interp_step', 0.1) setDoubleSetting('burst_factor', 1.5) setDoubleSetting('voltage_base_start_perc', 0.9) setDoubleSetting('voltage_base_end_perc', 1.0) setDoubleSetting("initial_perc", 0.1) setDoubleSetting("min_spike_height", 20.0) setIntSetting("strict_stiminterval", 0) _initialise()
[docs]def setDependencyFileLocation(location): """Set the location of the Dependency file The eFEL uses 'Dependency' files to let the user define which versions of certain features are used to calculate. The installation directory of the eFEL contains a default 'DependencyV5.txt' file. Unless the user wants to change this file, it is not necessary to call this function. Parameters ========== location : string path to the location of a Dependency file """ global dependencyFileLocation if not os.path.exists(location): raise Exception( "Path to dependency file {%s} doesn't exist" % location) _settings.dependencyfile_path = location
[docs]def getDependencyFileLocation(): """Get the location of the Dependency file The eFEL uses 'Dependency' files to let the user define which versions of certain features are used to calculate. The installation directory of the eFEL contains a default 'DependencyV5.txt' file. Returns ======= location : string path to the location of a Dependency file """ return _settings.dependencyfile_path
[docs]def setThreshold(newThreshold): """Set the spike detection threshold in the eFEL Parameters ========== threshold : float The new spike detection threshold value (in the same units as the traces, e.g. mV). """ _settings.threshold = newThreshold setDoubleSetting('Threshold', _settings.threshold)
[docs]def setDerivativeThreshold(newDerivativeThreshold): """Set the threshold for the derivate for detecting the spike onset Some featurea use a threshold on dV/dt to calculate the beginning of an action potential. This function allows you to set this threshold. Parameters ========== derivative_threshold : float The new derivative threshold value (in the same units as the traces, e.g. mV/ms). """ _settings.derivative_threshold = newDerivativeThreshold setDoubleSetting('DerivativeThreshold', _settings.derivative_threshold)
[docs]def getFeatureNames(): """Return a list with the name of all the available features Returns ======= feature_names : list of strings A list that contains all the feature names available in the eFEL. These names can be used in the featureNames argument of e.g. getFeatureValues() """ cppcore.Initialize(_settings.dependencyfile_path, "log") feature_names = [] cppcore.getFeatureNames(feature_names) return feature_names
[docs]def FeatureNameExists(feature_name): """Does a certain feature name exist ? Parameters ========== feature_name : string Name of the feature to check Returns ======= FeatureNameExists : bool True if feature_name exists, otherwise False """ return feature_name in getFeatureNames()
[docs]def getDistance(trace, featureName, mean, std, trace_check=None): """Calculate distance value for a list of traces. Parameters ========== trace : trace dicts Trace dict that represents one trace. The dict should have the following keys: 'T', 'V', 'stim_start', 'stim_end' featureName : string Name of the the features for which to calculate the distance mean : float Mean to calculate the distance from std : float Std to scale the distance with trace_check : float Let the library check if there are spikes outside of stimulus interval Returns ======= distance : float The absolute number of standard deviation the feature is away from the mean. In case of anomalous results a value of '250' standard deviations is returned. This can happen if: a feature generates an error, there are spikes outside of the stimulus interval, the feature returns a NaN, etc. """ _initialise() # Next set time, voltage and the stimulus start and end for item in list(trace.keys()): cppcore.setFeatureDouble(item, [x for x in trace[item]]) if trace_check is not None: return efel.cppcore.getDistance( featureName, mean, std, trace_check=1 if trace_check else 0) else: return efel.cppcore.getDistance( featureName, mean, std)
def _initialise(): """Set cppcore initial values""" cppcore.Initialize(_settings.dependencyfile_path, "log") # First set some settings that are used by the feature extraction for setting_name, int_setting in list(_int_settings.items()): cppcore.setFeatureInt(setting_name, [int_setting]) for setting_name, double_setting in list(_double_settings.items()): cppcore.setFeatureDouble(setting_name, [double_setting])
[docs]def setIntSetting(setting_name, new_value): """Set a certain integer setting to a new value""" _int_settings[setting_name] = new_value
[docs]def setDoubleSetting(setting_name, new_value): """Set a certain double setting to a new value""" _double_settings[setting_name] = new_value
[docs]def getFeatureValues( traces, featureNames, parallel_map=None, return_list=True, raise_warnings=True): """Calculate feature values for a list of traces. This function is the core of the eFEL API. A list of traces (in the form of dictionaries) is passed as argument, together with a list of feature names. The return value consists of a list of dictionaries, one for each input trace. The keys in the dictionaries are the names of the calculated features, the corresponding values are lists with the feature values. Beware that every feature returns an array of values. E.g. AP_amplitude will return a list with the amplitude of every action potential. Parameters ========== traces : list of trace dicts Every trace dict represent one trace. The dict should have the following keys: 'T', 'V', 'stim_start', 'stim_end' feature_names : list of string List with the names of the features to be calculated on all the traces. parallel_map : map function Map function to parallelise over the traces. Default is the serial map() function return_list: boolean By default the function returns a list of dicts. This optional argument can disable this, so that the result of the parallel_map() is returned. Can be useful for performance reasons when an iterator is preferred. raise_warnings: boolean Raise warning when efel c++ returns an error Returns ======= feature_values : list of dicts For every input trace a feature value dict is return (in the same order). The dict contains the keys of 'feature_names', every key contains a numpy array with the feature values returned by the C++ efel code. The value is None if an error occured during the calculation of the feature. """ if parallel_map is None: parallel_map = map traces_featurenames = ( (trace, featureNames, raise_warnings) for trace in traces) map_result = parallel_map(_get_feature_values_serial, traces_featurenames) if return_list: return list(map_result) else: return map_result
def _get_feature_values_serial(trace_featurenames): """Single thread of getFeatureValues""" trace, featureNames, raise_warnings = trace_featurenames featureDict = {} if 'stim_start' in trace and 'stim_end' in trace: try: len(trace['stim_start']) len(trace['stim_end']) except: raise Exception('Unable to determine length of stim_start or ' 'stim_end, are you sure these are lists ?') if len(trace['stim_start']) == 1 and len(trace['stim_end']) == 1: if trace['stim_end'][0] <= trace['stim_start'][0]: raise Exception( 'stim_end needs to be larger than ' 'stim_start:\nstim_start=%f stim_end=%f' % (trace['stim_start'][0], trace['stim_end'][0])) else: raise Exception( 'stim_start and stim_end in the trace ' 'dictionary need to be lists of exactly 1 element') else: raise Exception('stim_start or stim_end missing from trace') _initialise() # Next set time, voltage and the stimulus start and end for item in list(trace.keys()): cppcore.setFeatureDouble(item, [x for x in trace[item]]) for featureName in featureNames: cppcoreFeatureValues = list() exitCode = cppcore.getFeature(featureName, cppcoreFeatureValues) if exitCode < 0: if raise_warnings: import warnings warnings.warn( "Error while calculating feature %s: %s" % (featureName, cppcore.getgError()), RuntimeWarning) featureDict[featureName] = None else: featureDict[featureName] = numpy.array(cppcoreFeatureValues) return featureDict
[docs]def getMeanFeatureValues(traces, featureNames, raise_warnings=True): """Convenience function that returns the mean values from getFeatureValues() Instead of return a list of values for every feature as getFeatureValues() does, this function returns per trace one value for every feature, namely the mean value. Parameters ========== traces : list of trace dicts Every trace dict represent one trace. The dict should have the following keys: 'T', 'V', 'stim_start', 'stim_end' feature_names : list of string List with the names of the features to be calculated on all the traces. raise_warnings: boolean Raise warning when efel c++ returns an error Returns ======= feature_values : list of dicts For every input trace a feature value dict is return (in the same order). The dict contains the keys of 'feature_names', every key contains the mean of the array that is returned by getFeatureValues() The value is None if an error occured during the calculation of the feature, or if the feature value array was empty. """ featureDicts = getFeatureValues( traces, featureNames, raise_warnings=raise_warnings) for featureDict in featureDicts: for (key, values) in list(featureDict.items()): if values is None or len(values) == 0: featureDict[key] = None else: featureDict[key] = numpy.mean(values) return featureDicts
reset()